Meaning of Human Resources
The term ‘human resource’ refers to the manpower or employees. Human that possess the capacity, strength, skill, experience, and efficiency to carry out some works is known is human resources. Human resource is an important resource in the economic development of the country. It also refers to the human capital. Human resource is the active source of production which increases the economic production of society. Human resources also refers to human capital and its utilization is the crucial factors of economic development of the country. Population with good health, skill, knowledge, and efficiency is the main source of development. Human resources is categorized on the basis of level of technological skill and knowledge and general level of education or situation of literacy. Human resources can be categorized into three types which are as follows:
1. Skilled human resource: - Human resource which have the technological knowledge and skill is known as the skilled human resources. Such manpower is capable of working independently, efficiently and accurately. Educated manpower fall under this category.
2. Semiskilled Human resource: - Semiskilled manpower is such type of manpower which has the limited technological knowledge to perform the certain activities. Generally who perform the simple administrative works and simple technological activities are known as the semiskilled manpower.
3. Un-skilled manpower: - men who does not possess any type of technological knowledge and skill and illiteracy is known as the unskilled manpower. In Nepal unskilled powers is the largest manpower in number. Due the lack of technological knowledge they are compelled to work in manual labour.
The analysis of data has indicated remarkable achievements in the status of literacy, educational attainment and/or school attendance rates of both the male and female population over the years. However, disparities continue to exist across sex, rural-urban, districts and regions. Overall literacy rates have increased to 67% in 2011 from 54% in 2001. Female literacy has increased from 43% in 2001 to 58% in 2011, which places Nepal in fourth position among SAARC countries and above Bhutan, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Afghanistan. About 90% of adolescents can read and write. Similarly, 69% of the population are attending school. Literacy rates of urban and rural areas stand at 82.3% and 62.5% respectively. Kathmandu has the highest literacy rate while Rauthat has the lowest.