Gestalt is a psychological term which means 'united whole.' It refers to theories of visual perception develop by German psychologist Wertheimer in the 1920's. These theories attempt to describe how people lend to organized visual elements into groups or unified whole, when certain principle is applied. Gestalt laws of organization is a series of principles that describe how we organize bits and pieces of information into meaningful whole.  

Gestalt psychology believe that much of perception is shaped by innate (inner factors) built into the brain. Gestalt psychology used the term 'insight' to describe this type of human behavior and summarized the behavioral process under the following three steps.

Gestalt: Focus covert behavior and vision  

  1. Perception of the situation as a whole.
  2. Seeing and judging the relationship between various factors involve the situation.
  3. Taking an immediate decision.

Gestalt Principle

a) Proximity:

We tend to group object together when they are near each other. (Two similar objects like this 00000000-object vision reaction perception level different.)

b) Similarity:

We lend to group object, similar object together in our perception. Object similar like all student wear college uniform.

c) Continuity:

We prefer perception of connected and continuous figure to disconnected figure like this 0000.

d) Closure:

We automatically try and close figure', so they are seen or closed object like Act simple but multiple object/close.

Social cognition and behavior: Process of social cognition, attitude, social influence, prejudice and discrimination:

Social psychology is based on the ABC. Affect (feeling), behavior (interacting), and cognition (thought). Psychologist defined cognition as the mental activities of processing information and using that information in judgement. Social cognition as a cognition that relate to social activities and that help us understand and predict the behavior of ourselves and other.

Social behavior is influence by principle as reciprocal atheism and social exchange. It includes attitudes, social influence, discrimination, prejudice.