What is the relationship between operating systems and computer hardware?

4 years ago
Operating System

Operating system helps to make computer hardware available to the application programs. Without Operating System we cannot access computer hardware.

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Rajiv Shah
Rajiv Shah
Oct 20, 2021
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2. Explain briefly about, processor, assembler, compiler, loader, linker and the functions executed by them.

3. What is the main component of operating system

4. Describe different job scheduling in operating systems.

5. What is the cause of thrashing? How does the system detect thrashing? Once it detects thrashing, what can the system do to eliminate this problem?

6. Under what circumstances do page faults occur? Describe the actions taken by the operating system when a page fault occurs?

7. What is fragmentation? Different types of fragmentation?

8. What are the different Dynamic Storage- Allocation methods?

9. What is the usage of Deadlock Detection- Algorithm?

10. What is a Safe State and its? use in deadlock avoidance?

11. What is the Condition for deadlock occurrence?

12. Explain Memory Partitioning, Paging, Segmentation.

13. What is semaphore?

14. What is Mutex Object?

15. What is marshalling?

16. What are the different process states?

17. What is INODE?

18. Define and Explain COM?

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20. What is Semaphore?

21. What is the difference between a ‘thread’ and a ‘process’?

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28. What is Dispatcher?

29. What is DRAM? In which form does it store data?

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31. What is hard disk and what is its purpose?

32. What are multi tasking, multi programming and multi threading?

33. What is the cause of thrashing? How does the system detect thrashing? Once it detects thrashing, what can the system do to eliminate this problem?

34. What is the difference between Hard and Soft real-time systems?

35. What are the types of Real Time System?

36. What is the important aspect of a real-time system or Mission Critical Systems?

37. What is Throughput, Turnaround time, waiting time and Response time?

38. What is virtual memory?

39. What resources are used when a thread created? How do they differ from those when a process is created?

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45. Explain various file operations

46. Write a note on allocation of frames

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48. Explain Page-replacement with any one page replacement algorithm.

49. What is Page Fault? Explain

50. What is Demand Paging? Explain

51. What is Segmentation? Explain

52. Explain the concept of paging in memory

53. What is fragmentation? Explain different types of fragmentation

54. What is dynamic memory allocation? Explain first fit, best fit and worst fit

55. Explain contiguous memory allocation

56. Explain Swapping in Operating System?

57. Overlays in Memory Management

58. Explain Static vs Dynamic Loading

59. Write a short note on Peterson’s solution.

60. Write a note on Semaphore.

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62. What is a thread? Why is it that threads are faster to create than processes? What advantages do kernel threads provide over user threads?

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64. Consider the following set of processes, with the length of CPU-burst time given in milliseconds:

65. What is kernel of an Operating System?

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67. What do you mean by graceful degradation in multiprocessor systems?

68. Define system call.

69. What do you mean by graceful degradation in multiprocessor systems?

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71. Explain Context switch along with a suitable diagram.Name and briefly define the scheduling criteria. List out the circumstances under which a CPU scheduling decision may have to be taken by the CPU scheduler.

72. Give the queuing diagram representing process scheduling and show the action point for the different types of CPU schedulers.

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74. List the Coffman’s conditions that lead to a deadlock.

75. What is the difference between synchronization and mutual exclusion?

76. What is a binary semaphore? What is its use?

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78. What is the difference between Hard and Soft real time Systems?

79. What is Throughput, Turnaround time, Waiting time and Response time?

80. What level of security does Windows NT meets?

81. What are DDks? Name an operating system that includes this feature.

82. What are the sub-components of I/O manager in Windows NT?

83. What is Executive in Windows NT?

84. What are rings in Windows NT?

85. What are the possible threads a thread can have?

86. What is FtDisk?

87. What is an idle thread?

88. What is mutant?

89. What is process migration?

90. What are the reasons for process suspension?

91. List out some reasons for process termination.

92. How many jobs can be run concurrently on MVT?

93. What is process spawning?

94. What is a drawback of MVT?

95. Is Windows NT a full blown object oriented operating system? Give reasons.

96. What are the key object oriented concepts used by Windows NT?

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98. What are the four layers that Windows NT have in order to achieve independence?

99. What has triggered the need for multitasking in PCs?

100. What is Page Cannibalizing?

101. Paging a memory management function, while multiprogramming a processor management function, are the two interdependent?

102. What are demand-paging and pre-paging?

103. In the context of memory    management, what are placement and replacement algorithms?

104. How are the wait/signal operations for monitor different from those for semaphores?

105. What is time-stamping?

106. Describe the Buddy system of memory allocation.

107. Define latency, transfer and seek time with respect to disk I/O.

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115. What is cycle stealing?

116. When is a system in safe state?

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119. What are the typical elements of a process image?

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121. What are short, long and medium-term scheduling?

122. What is thrashing?

123. What is a binary semaphore? What is its use?

124. Explain Belady's Anomaly?

125. Explain the concept of Reentrancy?

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130. Explain the purpose of using a libaio package in Ubuntu?

131. Explain what is Unity in Ubuntu? How can you add new entries to the launcher?

132. Explain why Ubuntu is safe and not affected by viruses?

133. What is a folder in Ubuntu?

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135. Under DOS, what command will you type when you want to list down the files in a directory, and at the same time pause after every screen output?

136. Differentiate internal commands from external commands.

137. What is NOS?

138. What is plumbing/piping?

139. Why partitioning and formatting is a prerequisite to installing an operating system?

140. What is preemptive multitasking?

141. What is GUI?

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143. What is an Assembler

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145. What is caching?

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